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We propose a computational framework for vascular fluid-structure interaction(FSI), focusing on biomechanical modeling, geometric modeling, and solvertechnology. The biomechanical model is constructed based on the unifiedcontinuum formulation. We highlight that the chosen time integration schemediffers from existing implicit FSI integration methods in that it is indeedsecond-order accurate, does not suffer from the overshoot phenomenon, andoptimally dissipates high-frequency modes in both subproblems. We propose apipeline for generating subject-specific meshes for FSI analysis foranatomically realistic geometric modeling. Unlike most existing methodologiesthat operate directly on the wall surface mesh, our pipeline starts from theimage segmentation stage. With high-quality surface meshes obtained, thevolumetric meshes are then generated, guaranteeing a boundary-layered mesh inthe fluid subdomain and a matching mesh across the fluid-solid interface. Inthe last, we propose a combined suite of nonlinear and linear solvertechnologies. Invoking a segregated algorithm within the Newton-Raphsoniteration, the problem reduces to solving two linear systems in themulti-corrector stage. The first linear system can be addressed by thealgebraic multigrid (AMG) method. The matrix related to the balance equationspresents a two-by-two block structure in both subproblems. Using the Schurcomplement reduction (SCR) technique reduces the problem to solving matrices ofsmaller sizes of the elliptic type, and the AMG method again becomes a naturalcandidate. The benefit of the unified formulation is demonstrated inparallelizing the solution algorithms as the number of unknowns matches in bothsubdomains. We use the Greenshields-Weller benchmark as well as apatient-specific vascular model to demonstrate the robustness, efficiency, andscalability of the overall FSI solver technology.

Vascular fluid-structure interaction: unified continuum formulation,  image-based mesh generation pipeline, and scalable fully implicit solver  technology