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A triangular-lattice pattern is observed in light beams resulting from thespatial cross modulation between an optical vortex and a triangular shaped beamundergoing parametric interaction. Both up- and down-conversion processes areinvestigated, and the far-field image of the converted beam exhibits atriangular lattice. The number of sites and the lattice orientation aredetermined by the topological charge of the vortex beam. In the down-conversionprocess, the lattice orientation can also be affected by phase conjugation. Theobserved cross modulation works for a large variety of spatial fieldstructures, and could replace solid-state devices at wavelengths where they arenot yet available.

Observation of triangular-lattice pattern in nonlinear wave mixing with optical vortices