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Large array systems use a massive number of antenna elements and cleverprecoder designs to achieve an array gain at the user location. These precodersrequire linear front-ends, and more specifically linear power amplifiers (PAs),to avoid distortion. This reduces the energy efficiency since PAs are mostefficient close to saturation, where they generate most nonlinear distortion.Moreover, the use of conventional precoders can induce a coherent combining ofdistortion at the user locations, degrading the signal quality. In this work,novel linear precoders, simple to compute and to implement, are proposed thatallow working close to saturation, while cancelling the third-ordernonlinearity of the PA without prior knowledge of the signal statistics and PAmodel. Their design consists in saturating a single or a few antennas onpurpose together with an negative gain with respect to all other antennas tocompensate for the overall nonlinear distortion at the user location. Theperformance gains of the designs are significant for PAs working close tosaturation, as compared to maximum ratio transmission (MRT) precoding andperfect per-antenna digital pre-distortion (DPD) compensation.

The Z3RO Family of Precoders Cancelling Nonlinear Power Amplification Distortion in Large Array Systems