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We use high resolution data to investigate the association between crimeincidence and proximity to different types of public schools over the pastfifteen years in the city of Philadelphia. We employ two statistical methods,regression modeling and propensity score matching, in order to better isolatethe association between crime and school proximity while controlling for thedemographic, economic, land use and disorder characteristics of the surroundingneighborhood. With both of these approaches, we find significantly increasedcrime incidence near to public schools regardless of crime outcome, educationallevel and time period. The effect of school proximity on crime variessubstantially depending on whether or not school is in session, as well asbetween different types of crime and educational levels of the school. We seethe largest effects of school proximity on crime for violent crimes near tohigh schools during their in-session time periods. Our results support severaltheories which suggest that crime should be elevated near to schools, as wellas finding significant associations between crime and other aspects of thebuilt environment.

Spatial Analysis of the Association between School Proximity and Crime in Philadelphia