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The Bay of Bengal (BoB) is a high recipient of freshwater flux from riversand precipitation, making the region strongly stratified. The strongstratification results in a thick barrier layer formation, which inhibitsvertical mixing making this region a low-productive zone. In the present study,we attempt to model the pH of the BoB region and understand the role ofdifferent governing factors such as sea-surface temperature (SST), sea-surfacesalinity (SSS), dissolved inorganic carbon (DIC), and total alkalinity (TALK)on the seasonality of sea-surface pH. We run a set of sensitivity experimentsto understand the role of each of the governing factors. The results show thatthe SST, SSS, and DIC are the principal drivers affecting the sea-surface pH,while TALK plays a buffering role. The SST and DIC are consistently found to beopposite to each other. The pre-monsoon season (MAM) has shown to have analmost equal contribution from all the drivers. In the pre-monsoon season, theSST and DIC are balanced by TALK and SSS. The role of SSS is significantlydominant in the second half of the year. Both SST and SSS counter the role ofDIC in the southwest monsoon season. The strong stratification plays anessential role in modulating the pH of the BoB region. The thickness of thebarrier layer formed in the sub-surface layers positively affects thesea-surface pH. The northern BoB is found to be more alkaline than the southernBoB. Our study highlights the complexity of ocean acidification in the BoBregion compared to the other part of the world ocean.

Modeling the seasonal variability and the governing factors of Ocean Acidification over the Bay of Bengal region