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Crystalline nanoporous molecular networks are assembled on the Ag(111)surface, where the pores confine electrons originating from the surface stateof the metal. Depending on the pore sizes and their coupling, an antibondinglevel is shifted upwards by 0.1 to 0.3 eV as measured by scanning tunnelingmicroscopy. On molecular sites, a down-shifted bonding state is observed, whichis occupied under equilibrium conditions. Low-temperature force spectroscopyreveals energy dissipation peaks and jumps of frequency shifts at biasvoltages, which are related to the confined states. The dissipation maps showdelocalization on the supra-molecular assembly and a weak distance-dependenceof the dissipation peaks. These observations indicate that two-dimensionalarrays of coupled quantum dots are formed, which are quantitativelycharacterized by their quantum capacitances and resonant tunneling rates. Ourwork provides a method for studying the capacitive and dissipative response ofquantum materials with nanomechanical oscillators.

Energy dissipation from confined states in nanoporous molecular networks