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Understanding the interaction between two bodies in a liquid metal isimportant for developing metals with high stiffness, strength, plasticity, andthermal stability. We conducted atomic force microscopy measurements in liquidGa and performed a theoretical calculation in which the statistical mechanicsof a simple liquid containing a quantum effect was used. The experiment andtheory showed unusual behaviours in the interactions between the probe andsubstrate in the liquid metal. In the interactions, there were relativelynumerous oscillations and large amplitudes. Furthermore, the interaction rangeswere relatively long. From the theoretical calculations, we found an asymmetricproperty that when the probe is solvophilic and the substrate is solvophobic,the interaction tends to be repulsive; when the solvation affinities areexchanged, the interaction tends to be attractive in the close position. Ourfindings will be useful for understanding and controlling dispersionstabilities of nanoparticles and chemical reactions in liquid metals.

Interaction between substrate and probe in liquid metal Ga: Experimental and theoretical analysis