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Detecting a shallowly buried and elongated object and estimating itsorientation using a commonly adopted co-polarized GPR system is challenging dueto the presence of strong ground clutter that masks the target reflection. Across-polarized configuration can be used to suppress ground clutter and revealthe object reflection, but it suffers from inconsistent detection capabilitywhich significantly varies with different object orientations. To address thisissue, we propose a dual-cross-polarized detection (DCPD) method which utilizestwo cross-polarized antennas with a special arrangement to detect the object.The signals reflected by the object and collected by the two antennas arecombined in a rotationally invariant manner to ensure both effective groundclutter suppression and consistent detection irrespective of the objectorientation. In addition, we present a dual-cross-polarized orientationestimation (DCPOE) algorithm to estimate the object orientation from the twocross-polarized data. The proposed DCPOE algorithm is less affected byenvironmental noise and performs robust and accurate azimuth angle estimation.The effectiveness of the proposed techniques in the detection and orientationestimation and their advantages over the existing method have been demonstratedusing experimental data. Comparison results show that the maximum and averageerrors are 22.3{\deg} and 10.9{\deg} for the Alford rotation algorithm, whilethose are 4.9{\deg} and 1.8{\deg} for the proposed DCPOE algorithm in thedemonstrated shallowly buried object cases. The proposed techniques can beunified in a framework to facilitate the investigation and mapping of shallowlyburied and elongated targets.

Dual-Cross-Polarized GPR Measurement Method for Detection and Orientation Estimation of Shallowly Buried Elongated Object