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We introduce and characterize the independent fluctuating two-ray (IFTR)fading model, a class of fading models consisting of two specular componentswhich fluctuate independently, plus a diffuse component modeled as a complexGaussian random variable. The IFTR model complements the popular fluctuatingtwo-ray (FTR) model, on which the specular components are fully correlated andfluctuate jointly. The chief probability functions of the received SNR in IFTRfading, including the PDF, CDF and MGF, are expressed in closed-form, having afunctional form similar to other state-of-the-art fading models. Then, the IFTRmodel is empirically validated using multiple channels measured in ratherdiverse scenarios, including line of sight (LOS) millimeter-wave, land mobilesatellite (LMS) and underwater acoustic communication (UAC), showing a betterfit than the original FTR model and other models previously used in theseenvironments. Additionally, the performance of wireless communication systemsoperating under IFTR fading is evaluated in closed-form in two scenarios: (i)exact and asymptotic bit error rate for a family of coherent modulations; and(ii) exact and asymptotic outage probability.

The Fluctuating Two-Ray Fading Model with Independent Specular Components