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All high field superconductors producing magnetic fields above 12 T arebrittle. Nevertheless, they will probably be the materials of choice incommercial tokamaks because the fusion power density in a tokamak scales as thefourth power of magnetic field. Here we propose using robust, ductilesuperconductors during the reactor commissioning phase in order to avoidbrittle magnet failure while operational safety margins are being established.Here we use the PROCESS systems code to inform development strategy and toprovide detailed capital-cost-minimised tokamak power plant designs. We proposebuilding a 'demonstrator' tokamak with an electric power output of 100 MWe, aplasma fusion gain Qplasma = 17, a net gain Qnet = 1.3, a cost of electricity(COE) of \$ 1148 (2021 US) per MWh (at 75 % availability) and high temperaturesuperconducting operational TF magnets producing 5.4 T on-axis and 12.5 Tpeak-field. It uses Nb-Ti training magnets and will cost about \$ 9.75 Bn (2021US). An equivalent 500 MWe plant has a COE of \$ 608 per MW suggesting thatlarge tokamaks may eventually dominate the commercial market. We consider arange of designs optimised for capital cost (as the reactors considered arepilot plants) consisting of both 100 MWe and 500 MWe plants with each of twoapproaches for the magnets: training and upgrading. With training magnets, theplant is cost-optimised for REBCO TF magnets. For a 100 MWe plant, the Nb-Titraining magnets typically produce 70 % peak field on the toroidal field coilscompared to REBCO magnets, 65 % peak field on the central solenoid and costapprox. 10 % of the total machine cost. Training magnets could in principle bereused for each of say 10 subsequent (commercial) machines and hence at 1 %bring only marginal additional cost.

Training and Upgrading Tokamak Power Plants with Remountable Superconducting Magnets