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Austenitic stainless steels with low carbon have exceptional mechanicalproperties and are capable to reduce embrittlement, due to high chromium andnickel alloying, thus they are very attractive for efficient energy productionin extreme environments. It is key to perform nanomechanical investigations ofthe role of chromium and the form of the particular alloy composition that giverise to the excellent mechanical properties of steel. We performnanoindentation experiments and molecular dynamics (MD) simulations of FCCaustenitic stainless steel 310S, using established interatomic potentials, andwe use a comparison to the plastic behavior of NiFe solid solutions undersimilar conditions for the elucidation of key dislocation mechanisms. Wecombine EBSD images to connect crystalline orientations to nanoindentationresults, and provide input data to MD simulations for modeling mechanisms ofdefects nucleation and interactions. The maps of impressions afternanoindentation indicate that the Ni-Fe-Cr composition in 310S steel leads tostrain localization and hardening. A detailed analysis of the dislocationdynamics at different depths leads to the development of an experimentallyconsistent Kocks-Mecking-based continuum multiscale model. Furthermore, theanalysis of geometrically necessary dislocations (GND) shows to be responsiblefor exceptional hardness at low depths, predicted by the Ma-Clarke'sconstitutive model.

Mechanisms of strength and hardening in austenitic stainless 310S steel: Nanoindentation experiments and multiscale modeling