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Classical and contemporary distributed consensus protocols, may they be forbinary agreement, state machine replication, or blockchain consensus, requireall protocol participants in a peer-to-peer system to agree on exactly the sameinformation as part of the consensus payload. Although this model of consensusis extensively studied, and is useful for most consensus based decentralizedapplications, it falls short of defining correct distributed systems whichmandate participant credential based privileged visibility into the consensuspayload, through the consensus protocol itself. We introduce a new paradigm fordistributed consensus, called functional blockchain consensus. Functionalblockchain consensus allows each blockchain protocol participant to agree onsome distinct sub-information of the list of transactions, as a function of thecredentials of the participant in the blockchain system, instead of agreeing onthe entire list of transactions. We motivate two adversary models, one with astandard crash-fault adversary and another with a novel rational-faultadversary, to compromise functional blockchain consensus. We then present twoversions of a blockchain protocol called SightSteeple, that achieves functionalblockchain consensus in the said fault models. SightSteeple relies on a novelcombination of standard blockchain consensus and functional encryption, amongother primitives, to achieve its goals of correctness. Finally, we discusspractical uses of functional blockchain consensus based asymmetric distributedledgers, and motivate off-shoot constructions that can result from this newconsensus paradigm.

SightSteeple: Agreeing to Disagree with Functional Blockchain Consensus