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Fundamental understanding and control of the electronic structure evolutionin rare-earth nickelates is a fascinating and meaningful issue, as well asbeing helpful to understand the mechanism of recently discoveredsuperconductivity. Here we systematically study the dimensionality effect onthe ground electronic state in high-quality (NdNiO3)m/(SrTiO3)1 superlatticesthrough transport and soft x-ray absorption spectroscopy. Themetal-to-insulator transition temperature decreases with the thickness of theNdNiO3 slab decreasing from bulk to 7 unit cells, then increases gradually as mfurther reduces to 1 unit cell. Spectral evidence demonstrates that thestabilization of insulating phase can be attributed to the increase of thecharge-transfer energy between O 2p and Ni 3d bands. The prominent multipletfeature on the Ni L3 edge develops with the decrease of NdNiO3 slab thickness,suggesting the strengthening of the charge disproportionate state under thedimensional confinement. Our work provides convincing evidence thatdimensionality is an effective knob to modulate the charge-transfer energy andthus the collective ground state in nickelates.

Dimensionality-controlled evolution of charge-transfer energy in digital nickelates superlattices