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The new concept of semi-integrated-sensing-and-communication (Semi-ISaC) isproposed for next-generation cellular networks. Compared to thestate-of-the-art, where the total bandwidth is used for integrated sensing andcommunication (ISaC), the proposed Semi-ISaC framework provides more freedom asit allows that a portion of the bandwidth is exclusively used for eitherwireless communication or radar detection, while the rest is for ISaCtransmission. To enhance the bandwidth efficiency (BE), we investigate theevolution of Semi-ISaC networks from orthogonal multiple access (OMA) tonon-orthogonal multiple access (NOMA). First, we evaluate the performance of anOMA-based Semi-ISaC network. As for the communication signals, we investigateboth the outage probability (OP) and the ergodic rate. As for the radar echoes,we characterize the ergodic radar estimation information rate (REIR). Then, weinvestigate the performance of a NOMA-based Semi-ISaC network, including the OPand the ergodic rate for communication signals and the ergodic REIR for radarechoes. The diversity gains of OP and the high signal-to-noise ratio (SNR)slopes of the ergodic REIR are also evaluated as insights. The analyticalresults indicate that: 1) Under a two-user NOMA-based Semi-ISaC scenario, thediversity order of the near-user is equal to the coefficient of the Nakagami-mfading channels (m), while that of the far-user is zero; and 2) The high-SNRslope for the ergodic REIR is based on the ratio of the radar signal's dutycycle to the pulse duration. Our simulation results show that: 1) Semi-ISaC hasbetter channel capacity than the conventional ISaC; and 2) The NOMA-basedSemi-ISaC has better channel capacity than the OMA-based Semi-ISaC.

Semi-Integrated-Sensing-and-Communication (Semi-ISaC): From OMA to NOMA