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A deeper understanding of the influence of common cardiovascular diseaseslike stenosis, aneurysm or atherosclerosis on the circulatory mechanism isrequired, to establish new methods for early diagnosis. Different types ofsimulators were developed in the past to simulate healthy and pathologicalconditions of blood flow, often based on computational models, which allow togenerate large data sets. However, since computational models often lack someaspects of real world data, hardware simulators are used to close this gap andgenerate data for model validation. The aim of this study is the developmentand validation of a hardware simulator to generate benchmark data sets ofhealthy and pathological conditions. The in-vitro hardware simulator in thisstudy includes the major 33 arteries and is driven by a ventricular assistdevice generating a parametrised input condition at the heart node. Physiologicflow conditions including heart rate, systolic/diastolic pressure, peripheralresistance and compliance are adjustable in a wide range. The pressure and flowwaves at 17+1 different locations are measured by inverted fluid resistantpressure transducers and one ultrasound flow transducer supporting a detailedanalysis of the measurement data. The pressure and flow waves showphysiological conditions. Furthermore, the influence of stenoses degree andlocation on blood pressure and flow was investigated. The results indicatedecreasing translesional pressure and flow with increasing degree of stenosis,as expected. The benchmark data set is made available to the researchcommunity, with the purpose to validate and compare in-silico models ofdifferent type.

In-vitro Major Arterial Cardiovascular Simulator to generate Benchmark Data Sets for in-silico Model Validation