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Using Japanese professional chess (Shogi) players records in the novelsetting, this paper examines how and the extent to which the emergence oftechnological changes influences the ageing and innate ability of playerswinning probability. We gathered games of professional Shogi players from 1968to 2019.  The major findings are: (1) diffusion of artificial intelligence (AI) reducesinnate ability, which reduces the performance gap among same-age players; (2)players winning rates declined consistently from 20 years and as they getolder; (3) AI accelerated the ageing declination of the probability of winning,which increased the performance gap among different aged players; (4) theeffects of AI on the ageing declination and the probability of winning areobserved for high innate skill players but not for low innate skill ones. Thisimplies that the diffusion of AI hastens players retirement from active play,especially for those with high innate abilities. Thus, AI is a substitute forinnate ability in brain-work productivity.

AI, Ageing and Brain-Work Productivity: Technological Change in Professional Japanese Chess