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Iridates with the 5$d^4$ electronic configuration have attracted recentinterest due to reports of magnetically-ordered ground states despitelongstanding expectations that their strong spin-orbit coupling would generatea $J = 0$ electronic ground state for each Ir$^{5+}$ ion. The major focus ofprior research has been on the double perovskite iridates Ba$_2$YIrO$_6$ andSr$_2$YIrO$_6$, where the nature of the ground states (i.e. ordered vsnon-magnetic) is still controversial. Here we present neutron powderdiffraction, high energy resolution fluorescence detected x-ray absorptionspectroscopy (HERFD-XAS), resonant inelastic x-ray scattering (RIXS), magneticsusceptibility, and muon spin relaxation data on the related double perovskiteiridates Ba$_2$LuIrO$_6$, Sr$_2$LuIrO$_6$, Ba$_2$ScIrO$_6$, and Sr$_2$ScIrO$_6$that enable us to gain a general understanding of the electronic and magneticproperties for this family of materials. Our HERFD-XAS and RIXS measurementsestablish $J = 0$ electronic ground states for the Ir$^{5+}$ ions in all cases,with similar values for Hund's coupling $J_{\rm H}$ and the spin-orbit couplingconstant $\lambda_{\rm SOC}$. Our bulk susceptibility and muon spin relaxationdata find no evidence for long-range magnetic order or spin freezing, but theydo reveal weak magnetic signals that are consistent with extrinsic localmoments. Our results indicate that the large $\lambda_{\rm SOC}$ is the keydriving force behind the electronic and magnetic ground states realized in the5$d^4$ double perovskite iridates, which agrees well with conventional wisdom.

Spin-orbit coupling controlled ground states in the double perovskite iridates A2BIrO6 (A = Ba, Sr; B = Lu, Sc)