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The observed value of the muon magnetic dipole moment, which deviates fromthe Standard Model prediction by $4.2\sigma$, can be explained in models withweakly-interacting massive particles (WIMPs) coupled to muons. However, aconsiderable range of parameter space of such models will remain unexplored inthe future LHC experiments and dark matter (DM) direct searches. In this workwe discuss the temperature observation of neutron stars (NSs) as a promisingway to probe such models given that WIMPs are efficiently captured by NSsthrough DM-muon or spin-dependent DM-nucleon scattering. The captured WIMPseventually annihilate in the star core and heat the NS. This effect can beobserved in old NSs as it keeps the NS surface temperature at a few thousand Kat most, which is much higher than the predicted values of the standard NScooling theory for NSs older than $\sim 10^7$ years. We consider two classes ofrepresentative models, where the DM couples or does not couple to the Higgsfield at tree level, and show that the maximal DM heating is realized in bothscenarios.

Neutron Star Heating in Dark Matter Models for the Muon $g-2$ Discrepancy