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The production of quantized vortices having diverse structures is aremarkable effect of rotating Bose-Einstein condensates. Vortex formationdescribed by the mean-field theory is valid only in the regime of weakinteractions. The exploration of the rich and diverse physics of stronglyinteracting BEC requires a more general approach. This study explores thevortex formation of strongly interacting and rapidly rotating BEC from ageneral ab initio many-body perspective. We demonstrate that the quantizedvortices form various structures that emerge from an intricate interplaybetween the angular momentum and many-body interaction. We examine the distinctimpact of the angular velocity and interaction energy on the vortex formation.Our analysis shows that, while the angular rotation generally augments thevortex formation, the interactions can enhance as well as impede the vorticesproduction.

Exploring vortex formation in rotating Bose-Einstein condensates beyond mean-field regime