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The generation of spin and orbital currents is of crucial importance in thefield of spin-orbitronics. In this work, using relativistic density functionaltheory and the Kubo linear-response formalism, we systematically investigatethe spin Hall and orbital Hall effects for 40 monoatomic metals. The spin Hallconductivity (SHC) and orbital Hall conductivity (OHC) are computed as afunction of the electrochemical potential and the influence of the spin-orbitinteraction strength is also investigated. Our calculations predict a rathersmall OHC in $sp$ metals, but a much larger OHC in $d$-band metals, withmaximum values [$\sim 8000\,(\hbar/e)\Omega^{-1}{\rm cm}^{-1}$] near the middleof the $d$ series. Using the Mott formula, we evaluate the thermal counterpartsof the spin and orbital Hall effects, the spin Nernst effect (SNE) and theorbital Nernst effect (ONE). We find that the as-yet unobserved ONE issignificantly larger ($\sim 10 \times$) than the SNE and has maximum values forgroup 10 elements (Ni, Pd, and Pt). Our work provides a broad overview ofelectrically- and thermally-induced spin and orbital transport in monoatomicmetals.

First-principles theory of intrinsic spin and orbital Hall and Nernst effects in metallic monoatomic crystals