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Spatial covariance matrix (SCM) is essential in many applications ofmulti-antenna systems such as massive multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO).For massive MIMO operating at millimeter-wave bands, hybrid analog-digitalstructure has been adopted to reduce the cost of radio frequency (RF) chains.In this situation, signals received at the antennas are unavailable to thedigital receiver, and as a consequence, traditional sample average approachcannot be used for SCM reconstruction in hybrid massive MIMO. To address thisissue, beam sweeping algorithm (BSA), which can reconstruct SCM effectively inhybrid massive MIMO, has been proposed in our previous work. In this paper, atruncated BSA is further proposed for SCM reconstruction by taking into accountthe patterns of antenna elements in the array. Due to the directive antennapattern, sweeping results corresponding to predetermined direction-of-angles(DOA) far from the normal direction are small and thus can be replaced bypredetermined constants. At the cost of negligible performance reduction, SCMcan be reconstructed efficiently by sweeping only the predetermined DOAs thatare close to the normal direction. In this way, BSA can be conducted muchfaster than its traditional counterpart. Insightful analysis will be alsoincluded to show the impact of truncation on the performance.

Truncated Beam Sweeping for Spatial Covariance Matrix Reconstruction in Hybrid Massive MIMO