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The optical module of the KM3NeT neutrino telescope is an innovative,multi-faceted large area photodetection module. It contains 31 three-inchphotomultiplier tubes in a single 0.44 m diameter pressure-resistant glasssphere. The module is a sensory device also comprising calibration instrumentsand electronics for power, readout and data acquisition. It is capped with abreakout-box with electronics for connection to an electro-optical cable forpower and long-distance communication to the onshore control station. Thedesign of the module was qualified for the first time in the deep sea in 2013.Since then, the technology has been further improved to meet requirements ofscalability, cost-effectiveness and high reliability. The module features asub-nanosecond timing accuracy and a dynamic range allowing the measurement ofa single photon up to a cascade of thousands of photons, suited for themeasurement of the Cherenkov radiation induced in water by secondary particlesfrom interactions of neutrinos with energies in the range of GeV to PeV. Adistributed production model has been implemented for the delivery of more than6000 modules in the coming few years with an average production rate of morethan 100 modules per month. In this paper a review is presented of the designof the multi-PMT KM3NeT optical module with a proven effective backgroundsuppression and signal recognition and sensitivity to the incoming direction ofphotons.

The KM3NeT multi-PMT optical module