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This White Paper seeks to extend the applications of two weakly boundsemiconductor materials, Cs3Sb and Ag-O-Cs first developed decades ago forvacuum photodetectors S1, S-11 photocathodes, respectively, proven to have lowelectron-hole pair energies. Rather than thin film photocathodes, we proposefabrication of these semiconductors in shapes and volumes which could be usedas diode or drifted ion detectors for low energy depositions via atom orfew-atomic layers. Ag-O-Cs has an e-hole pair threshold pair low as 0.5-0.7 eVdeposited energy, practical when cooled below 4 degrees K; Cs3Sb, with pairenergy as low as 1.6-2 eV - less than Si (3.6 eV), but with thermal noise atroom temperature similar to Si at -30 deg C. Exposure of photomultipliers to 10MRad doses has shown that thin alkali photocathodes do not degrade more than 2%of initial quantum efficiency.

Novel Low Workfunction Semiconductors for Calorimetry and Detection: High Energy, Dark Matter and Neutrino Phenomena