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A unified framework, which is directly established on the quantum ground, isproposed for elementary physical entities, called \emph{modes} in this paper.The framework is mainly built upon five basic assumptions, which looselyspeaking have the following contents. (i) The state space of each mode is givenby the direct product of a momentum-state space and a spinor-state space, thelatter of which is certain representation space of the $SL(2,C)$ group (acovering group of the Lorentz group); (ii) spinor states of modes have alayer-type structure and modes are either fermionic or bosonic, depending ontheir helicity properties; (iii) there are three fundamental processes -- freeevolution, vacuum fluctuation (emergence or vanishing of a pair of fermionicmodes that possess exactly opposite physical properties), and two fundamentalinteraction processes (change of two fermionic modes into one bosonic mode andthe reverse); (iv) vacuum fluctuation happens instantly; and (v) the timeevolution operator is constructed from operators, which map state spaces ofincoming modes of fundamental processes to those of outgoing modes. The timeevolution operator turns out to be a function of quantum fields that areconstructed from creation and annihilation operators for free-mode states,whose interaction part has a local feature. As an example, a simple model ofmodes is studied and is compared with the first-generation part of the standardmodel (SM). Concerning electroweak interactions, the studied model has a timeevolution operator, whose main body is formally similar to that of the SM.Besides, it predicts $\frac 13$ and $\frac 23$ electronic changes forquark-type modes, gives an interpretation to the color degree of freedom, andcontains certain modes that behave like dark matters.

A framework for quantum theory of elementary physical entities