English (United Kingdom)

https://curated-unify.zendy.io/wp-json/zendy-region/v1/featured_content/oa?rat=en

https://curated-unify.zendy.io/wp-json/zendy-region/v1/highlighted_journal/

Global: Zendy Plus annual

Presents the access of premium content as premium feature

Premium Content

Presents the keyphrase highlighting as premium feature

Keyphrase Highlighting

Presents the summarisation as premium feature

Summarisation

Insights

Presents the pdf analysis as premium feature

PDF Analysis

Presents the zaia usage as premium feature

ZAIA

Global: Zendy Plus monthly

Global: Zendy Tools annual

Global: Zendy Tools monthly

Global: Zendy Free Plan

The ever increasing penetration of Renewable Energy Resources (RESs) in powerdistribution networks has brought, among others, the challenge of maintainingthe grid voltages within the secure region. Employing droop voltage regulatorson the RES inverters is an efficient and low cost solution to reach thisobjective. However, fixing droop parameters or optimizing them only forovervoltage conditions does not provide the required robustness and optimalityunder changing operating conditions. In this paper, a convex optimizationapproach is proposed for reconfiguring PV and QV droop regulators during onlineoperation. The objective is to minimize power curtailment, power losses, andvoltage deviation subject to electrical security constraints. This enables tooptimally operate the grid with high RES penetration under variable conditionswhile preserving electrical security constraints (e.g., current and voltagelimits). As a first contribution, a mixed integer linear model of the droopcharacteristics is developed. According to this model, a droop regulatedgeneration unit is represented as a constant power generator in parallel with aconstant impedance load. As a second contribution, a Modified Augmented RelaxedOptimal Power Flow (MAROPF) formulation is proposed to guarantee that theelectrical security constraints are respected in the presence of constantimpedance loads in the network. Sufficient conditions for the feasibility ofthe MAROPF solution are provided. Those conditions can be checked a priori andare valid for several real distribution networks. Furthermore, an iterativeapproach is proposed to derive an approximate solution to the MAROPF that isclose to the global optimal one. The performance of the MAROPF approach and theaccuracy of the proposed model are evaluated on standard 34 bus and 85 bus testnetworks.

Optimal Adaptive Droop Design via a Modified Relaxation of the OPF