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Apart from the conventional parameters (such as signal-to-noise ratio, arraygeometry and size, sample size), several other factors (e.g. alignment of theantenna elements, polarization parameters) influence the performance ofdirection of arrival (DOA) estimating algorithms. When all the antenna elementsare identically aligned, the polarization parameters do not affect the steeringvectors, which is the underlying assumption of all the conventional DOAalgorithms. Unfortunately, in this case, for a given set of DOA angles thereexists a range of polarization parameters which could result in a very lowsignal-to-noise ratio (SNR) across all the antenna elements in the array. Toavoid this type of catastrophic event, different antenna element needs to bealigned differently. However, this fact will make almost all commonly used DOAestimation algorithms non-operable, since the steering vectors are contaminatedby the polarization parameters. To the best of our knowledge, no work in theliterature addresses this issue even for a single user environment. In thispaper, that line of inquiry is pursued. We consider a circular array with theminimum number of antenna elements and propose an antenna alignment scheme toensure that at any given point no more than one element will suffer fromsignificantly low SNR due to the contribution of polarization. A low complexityalgorithm that estimates the DOA angles in a closed-form manner is developed.We treat MUSIC as the baseline algorithm and demonstrate how it can reliablyoperate in all possible DOA and polarization environments. Finally, a thoroughperformance and complexity analysis are illustrated for the above twoalgorithms.

Robust 2-D DOA Estimation in a Polarization Sensitive Single User Environment