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The interaction between the supersonic jet and background can influence theprocess of star formation, and this interaction also results in a change of thejet's velocity, direction and density through shock waves. However, due to thelimitations of current astronomical facilities, the fine shock structure andthe detailed interaction process still remain unclear. Here we investigate theplasma dynamics under different collision states through laser-drivenexperiments. A double-shock structure is shown in the optical diagnosis forcollision case, but the integrated self-emitting X-ray characteristic isdifferent. For solid plastic hemisphere obstacle, two-layer shock emission isobserved, and for the relatively low-density laser-driven plasma core, only oneshock emission is shown. And the plasma jets are deflected by $50 ^{\circ}$through the interaction with the high-density background in both cases. Forcollisionless cases, filament structures are observed, and the mean width offilaments is roughly the same as the ion skin depth. High-energy electrons areobserved in all interaction cases. We present the detailed process of the shockformation and filament instability through 2D/3D hydrodynamic simulations andparticle-in-cell simulations respectively. Our results can also be applied toexplain the shock structure in the Herbig-Haro (HH) 110/270 system, and theexperiments indicate that the impact point may be pushed into the inside partof the cloud.

Laboratory investigation of the interaction between the jet and background, from collisionless to strong collision