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Observations that require large physical instrument dimensions and/or aconsiderable amount of cryogens, as it is the case for high spatial resolutionfar infrared (FIR) astronomy, currently still face technological limits fortheir execution from space. Angular resolution and available observationalcapabilities are particularly affected. Balloon-based platforms promise tocomplement the existing observational capabilities by offering means to deploycomparatively large telescopes with comparatively little effort, includingother advantages such as the possibility to regularly refill cryogens and tochange and/or update instruments. The planned European Stratospheric BalloonObservatory (ESBO) aims at providing these additional large aperture FIRcapabilities, exceeding the spatial resolution of Herschel, in the long term.The plans focus on reusable platforms performing regular flights and anoperations concept that provides researchers with proposal-based access toobservations. It thereby aims at offering a complement to other airborne,ground-based and space-based observatories in terms of access to wavelengthregions, spatial resolution capability, and photometric stability. While theFIR capabilities are a main long-term objective, ESBO will offer benefits inother wavelength regimes along the way. Within the ESBO Design Study (ESBO DS),a prototype platform carrying a 0.5 m telescope for ultraviolet and visiblelight observations is being built and a platform concept for a next-generationFIR telescope is being studied. A flight of the UV/VIS prototype platform isestimated for 2021. In this paper we will outline the scientific and technicalmotivation for a large aperture balloon-based FIR observatory and the ESBO DSapproach towards such an infrastructure. Secondly, we will present thetechnical motivation, science case, and instrumentation of the 0.5 m UV/VISplatform.

Stratospheric balloons as a platform for the next large far infrared observatory