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In ultra-dense millimeter wave (mmWave) networks, mmWave signals suffer fromsevere path losses and are easily blocked by obstacles. Meanwhile, ultra-densedeployment causes excessive handovers, which reduces the data link reliability.To alleviate the above issues, the novel technology, known asmulti-connectivity enabled user association (MCUA) is incorporated in thisletter. We aim to jointly optimize MCUAs and downlink (DL) power allocations(PAs) to maximize the DL rate of each user simultaneously, rather than total.This is a non-convex nonlinear 0-1 mixed integer multi-objective optimizationproblem and quite complicated. To solve it, we first use the weighted summethod to scalarize it as a single-objective optimization problem (SOOP), andthen relax the binary association variables to real ones. Considering that therelaxed SOOP is still non-convex, we perform a series of transformations uponit and make it a differential of convex programming. Finally, we develop aniterative algorithm based on the convex-concave procedure to solve the SOOP.Numerical results are presented to demonstrate the effectiveness of theproposed algorithms.

Joint user association and power allocation in ultra-dense mmWave networks: a multi-connectivity approach