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The decisions of whether and how to evacuate during a climate disaster areinfluenced by a wide range of factors, including sociodemographics, emergencymessaging, and social influence. Further complexity is introduced when multiplehazards occur simultaneously, such as a flood evacuation taking place amid aviral pandemic that requires physical distancing. Such multi-hazard events cannecessitate a nuanced navigation of competing decision-making strategieswherein a desire to follow peers is weighed against contagion risks. To betterunderstand these nuances, we distributed an online survey during a pandemicsurge in July 2020 to 600 individuals in three midwestern and three southernstates in the United States with high risk of flooding. In this paper, weestimate a random parameter logit model in both preference space andwillingness-to-pay space. Our results show that the directionality andmagnitude of the influence of peers' choices of whether and how to evacuatevary widely across respondents. Overall, the decision of whether to evacuate ispositively impacted by peer behavior, while the decision of how to evacuate isnegatively impacted by peers. Furthermore, an increase in flood threat levellessens the magnitude of these impacts. These findings have importantimplications for the design of tailored emergency messaging strategies.Specifically, emphasizing or deemphasizing the severity of each threat in amulti-hazard scenario may assist in: (1) encouraging a reprioritization ofcompeting risk perceptions and (2) magnifying or neutralizing the impacts ofsocial influence, thereby (3) nudging evacuation decision-making toward adesired outcome.

Protection or Peril of Following the Crowd in a Pandemic-Concurrent Flood Evacuation