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An islanded inverter-based microgrid is a collection of heterogeneous DCenergy resources, e.g., photovoltaic arrays, fuel cells, and energy-storagedevices, interfaced to an AC distribution network and operated independentlyfrom the bulk power system. Energy conversion is typically managed by powerelectronics in voltage source inverters. Drawing from the control ofsynchronous machines in bulk power systems, different control schemes have beenrecently adopted in order to achieve a stable network operation. The vastmajority of academic and industrial efforts opt for these strategies duringreal-time operation.  Starting with a dynamical averaged DC/AC converter model, we review differentcontrollers by presenting their main scope analytically and throughsimulations. Next, we explore a new alternative of controlling DC/AC convertersin bulk power systems by matching traditional synchronous machines withemphasis on the role that DC-circuit can play in control architecture, usuallyneglected in conventional strategies. Compared to standard emulation methods,our controller relies solely on readily available DC-side measurements andtakes into account the natural DC and AC storage elements. As a result, ourcontroller is generally faster and less vulnerable to delays and measurementinaccuracies. We additionally provide insightful interpretations of thesuggested control, various plug-and-play properties of the closed-loop, such assteady-state power flow analysis, passivity with respect to the DC and ACports, stability proof as well as high-level control architectures contributingto enhancing the controller performance and attaining further control goals,which we illustrate in both analysis and simulation.

Grid-friendly Matching Control of Synchronous Machines by DC/AC Converters in Bulk Power Networks