English (United Kingdom)

https://curated-unify.zendy.io/wp-json/zendy-region/v1/featured_content/oa?rat=en

https://curated-unify.zendy.io/wp-json/zendy-region/v1/highlighted_journal/

Global: Zendy Plus annual

Presents the access of premium content as premium feature

Premium Content

Presents the keyphrase highlighting as premium feature

Keyphrase Highlighting

Presents the summarisation as premium feature

Summarisation

Insights

Presents the pdf analysis as premium feature

PDF Analysis

Presents the zaia usage as premium feature

ZAIA

Global: Zendy Plus monthly

Global: Zendy Tools annual

Global: Zendy Tools monthly

Global: Zendy Free Plan

It is interesting but difficult and challenging to study Ethereum withmultiple mining pools. One of the main difficulties comes from not only how torepresent such a general tree with multiple block branches (or sub-chains)related to the multiple mining pools, but also how to analyze amulti-dimensional stochastic system due to the mining competition among themultiple mining pools. In this paper, we first set up a mathematicalrepresentation for the tree with multiple block branches. Then we provide ablock classification of Ethereum: Regular blocks (in the main chain), orphanblocks, uncle blocks, stale blocks, and nephew blocks, and give some keyprobabilities of generating the different types of blocks by applying the lawof large numbers. Based on this, we further discuss the growth rate ofblockchain, and the reward allocation among the multiple mining pools throughapplying the renewal reward theorem. Finally, we use some simulationexperiments to verify our theoretical results, and show that the approximatecomputation approaches developed, such as the key probabilities, the long-termgrowth rate of blockchain, and the long-term reward allocation (rate) among themultiple mining pools, can have a faster convergence. Therefore, we provide apowerful tool for observing and understanding the influence of the selfishmining attacks on the performance of Ethereum with multiple mining pools. Webelieve that the methodology and results developed in this paper will shedlight on the study of Ethereum with multiple mining pools, such that a seriesof promising research can be inspired potentially.

Tree Representation, Growth Rate of Blockchain and Reward Allocation in Ethereum with Multiple Mining Pools