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In future 6G millimeter wave (mmWave)/sub-THz vehicle-to-everything (V2X)communication systems, vehicles are expected to be equipped with massiveantenna arrays to realize beam-based links capable of compensating for thesevere path loss. However, vehicle-to-vehicle (V2V) direct links are prone tobe blocked by surrounding vehicles. Emerging metasurface technologies enablethe control of the electromagnetic wave reflection towards the desireddirection, enriching the channel scattering to boost communication performance.Reconfigurable intelligent surfaces (RIS), and mostly the pre-configuredcounterpart intelligent reflecting surfaces (IRS), are a promising low-costrelaying system for 6G. This paper proposes using conformal metasurfaces(either C-RIS or C-IRS) deployed on vehicles' body to mitigate the blockageimpact in a highway multi-lane scenario. In particular, conformal metasurfacescreate artificial reflections to mitigate blockage by compensating for thenon-flat shape of the vehicle's body, such as the lateral doors, with properphase patterns. We analytically derive the phase pattern to apply to acylindrical C-RIS/C-IRS approximating the shape of the car body, as a functionof both incidence and reflection angles, considering cylindrical RIS/IRS as ageneralization of conventional planar ones. We propose a novel design foroptimally pre-configured C-IRS to mimic the behavior of an EM flat surface oncar doors, proving the benefits of C-RIS and C-IRS in a multi-lane V2V highwayscenario. The results show a consistent reduction of blockage probability whenexploiting C-RIS/C-IRS, 20% for pre-configured C-IRS, and 70% for C-RIS, aswell as a remarkable improvement in terms of average signal-to-noise ratio,respectively 10-20 dB for C-IRS and 30-40 dB for C-RIS.

Conformal Metasurfaces: a Novel Solution for Vehicular Communications