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Ultracold Rydberg atom arrays are an emerging platform for quantum simulationand computing. However, decoherence in these systems remains incompletelyunderstood. Recent experiments [Guardado-Sanchez et al. Phys. Rev. X 8, 021069(2018)] observed strong decoherence in the quench and longitudinal-field-sweepdynamics of two-dimensional Ising models realized with Lithium-6 Rydberg atomsin optical lattices. This decoherence was conjectured to arise from spin-motioncoupling. Here we show that spin-motion coupling indeed leads to decoherence inqualitative, and often quantitative, agreement with the experimental data,treating the difficult spin-motion coupled problem using the discrete truncatedWigner approximation method. We also show that this decoherence will be animportant factor to account for in future experiments with Rydberg atoms inoptical lattices and microtrap arrays, and discuss methods to mitigate theeffect of motion, such as using heavier atoms or deeper traps.

Motional decoherence in ultracold Rydberg atom quantum simulators of spin models