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This paper assesses if the Planet 9 hypothesis, the existence of a ninthplanet, is consistent with the planetary hypothesis, the synchronization ofsunspot emergence to solar inertial motion (SIM) induced by the planets. Weshow that SIM would be profoundly affected if Planet 9 exists and that thehypothesized effect of SIM on sunspot emergence would be radically differentfrom the effect of SIM due to the existing eight planets. We compare thespectral and time variation of Sun to barycentre distance, RB, calculated forboth the eight and nine planet systems, with variation of sunspot number (SSN).Including Planet 9 improves spectral correlation and time coherence between RBand SSN in the decadal, centennial and millennial time range. Additionally, asthe variation of RB is sensitive to Planet 9 parameters, longitude and period,it is possible to tune both parameters to SSN variation and obtain newestimates of the Planet 9 parameters independent of astronomical observations.We develop a mechanism for the influence of SIM on SSN that provides anexplanation of the consistency between SIM, calculated with Planet nine, andrecords of reconstructed SSN.

The sunspot number record supports the existence of Planet 9 and the effect of planetary motion on solar activity