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The generation of rapidly tunable Optical Vortex (OV) beams is one of themost demanding research areas of the present era as they possess OrbitalAngular Momentum (OAM) with additional degrees of freedom that can be exploitedto enhance signal-carrying capacity by using mode division multiplexing andinformation encoding in optical communication. Particularly, rapidly tunableOAM devices at a fixed wavelength in the telecom band stir extensive interestamong researchers for both classical and quantum applications. This articledemonstrates the realistic design of a Si-integrated photonic device forrapidly tunable OAM wave generation at a 1550-nm wavelength by using anultra-low-loss Phase Change Material (PCM) embedded with a Si-ring resonatorwith angular gratings. Different OAM modes are achieved by tuning the effectiverefractive index using rapid electrical switching of Sb2Se3 film from amorphousto crystalline states and vice versa. The generation of OAM waves relies on atraveling wave modulation of the refractive index of the micro-ring, whichbreaks the degeneracy of oppositely oriented whispering gallery modes. Theproposed device is capable of producing rapidly tunable OV beams, carryingdifferent OAM modes by using electrically controllable switching ofultra-low-loss PCM Sb2Se3.

Photonic Integrated Circuit for Rapidly Tunable Orbital Angular Momentum Generation Using Sb2Se3 Ultra-Low-Loss Phase Change Material