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The role of transportation vehicles, pig movement between farms, proximity toinfected premises, and feed deliveries has not been fully considered in thedissemination dynamics of porcine epidemic diarrhea virus (PEDV). This haslimited efforts for disease control and elimination restricting the developmentof risk-based resource allocation to the most relevant modes of PEDVdissemination. Here, we modeled nine modes of between-farm transmissionpathways including farm-to-farm proximity (local transmission), contact networkof pig farm movements between sites, four different contact networks oftransportation vehicles (vehicles that transport pigs from farm-to-farm, pigsto markets, feed distribution and crew), the volume of animal by-productswithin feed diets (e.g. animal fat and meat and bone meal) to reproduce PEDVtransmission dynamics. The model was calibrated in space and time with weeklyPEDV outbreaks. We investigated the model performance to identify outbreaklocations and the contribution of each route in the dissemination of PEDV. Themodel estimated that 42.7% of the infections in sow farms were related tovehicles transporting feed, 34.5% of infected nurseries were associated withvehicles transporting pigs to farms, and for both farm types, pig movements orlocal transmission were the next most relevant routes. On the other hand,finishers were most often (31.4%) infected via local transmission, followed bythe vehicles transporting feed and pigs to farm networks. Feed ingredients didnot significantly improve model calibration metrics. The proposed modelingframework provides an evaluation of PEDV transmission dynamics, ranking themost important routes of PEDV dissemination and granting the swine industryvaluable information to focus efforts and resources on the most importanttransmission routes.

Modeling between-farm transmission dynamics of porcine epidemic diarrhea virus: characterizing the dominant transmission routes