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Power-to-Gas (P2G) has been one of the most frequently discussed technologiesin the last few years. This technology allows producing CO2 free fuels. Thanksto its high flexibility, it may offer services to the power system, fosteringVariable Renewable Energy Sources (VRES) and the electricity demand match,mitigating the issues related to VRES overproduction. The role of P2G plantsconnected to the transmission system as flexibility asset has been extensivelyanalyzed in the literature. Conversely, the analysis of these systems used atdistribution level has only been dealt with in a few studies: however, in thiscase critical operation conditions can easily arise, both on electrical and gasinfrastructure. This article presents a methodological analysis on the impactof different simulation approaches when P2G is installed at distribution systemlevel. The choice of the most appropriate modeling approaches for electricityand distribution grids is required in order to avoid overestimating orunderestimating the potential flexibility that P2G plants connected todistribution networks can offer. The aim of this paper is to understand theimpact of different modeling approaches in order to determine whether, andunder which conditions, this is acceptable. An illustrative case study has beendeveloped to perform this kind of analysis. The results demonstrated that it isimportant to take into account the electric distribution network topology, asthe performance of P2G plants could be affected by their placement in thenetwork. Neglecting the dynamics of a gas network or the interactions betweenP2G plant components under a low gas demand condition can lead to anunderestimation of the flexibility of the entire system. If the demand for gasis high enough, the use of simplified assumptions that do not consider thedynamics of the gas network and P2G systems may be acceptable.

Power-to-Gas in a gas and electricity distribution network: a sensitivity analysis of modeling approaches