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The unique anisotropy of ice has endowed sea ice growth a peculiar andattractive subject from both fundamental and applied viewpoints. The distinctgrowth behaviors between edge and basal plane of ice are one of the centraltopics in ice growth. And the unidirectional freezing pattern stems fromperturbations of both basal and edge planes. To date there is no directcomparison of unidirectional freezing behavior between basal and edge planeice. Here, we in-situ investigate the planar instability as well as theunidirectional freezing pattern of basal and edge planes of ice by a design ofparallel freezing samples with specified ice orientations in a NaCl solution asa modeled sea water. The planar instability is discussed via neutral stabilitycurves with surface tension anisotropy for both basal and edge plane ice. Forthe first time, we realize the simultaneous observation of solid/liquidinterfaces of basal and edge plane ice under the same set of freezingconditions. The results show that planar instability occurs faster for edgeplane ice than basal plane ice. The time-lapse observations confirm a transientcompetitive interaction of perturbations between the basal and edge planes ice,which is explained by the anisotropic growth of perturbations in basal and edgeplanes of ice. These experimental results provide a link between morphologyevolution of unidirectional grown sea ice and different ice orientations andare suggested to enrich our understanding of sea ice growth as well ascrystallization pattern of other anisotropic materials.

In-situ comparison of interface instability of basal and edge planes during unidirectional growth of sea ice