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In this study, a cooperative game model is presented to schedule theday-ahead operation of multi-microgrid (MMG) systems. In the proposed model,microgrids are scheduled to achieve a global optimum for the cost of themulti-microgrid system. The minimum cost is achieved by transactions ofmicrogrids with each other. Also, price-based demand response is implemented inthe model to build a cost-reducing opportunity for consumers. Applying Shapleyvalue, the optimum cost of the MMG system is fairly allocated betweenmicrogrids. To enhance the confidence level of results, data uncertainties areincorporated into the model. The uncertainties of renewable outputs, demand,and prices of trading with the main grid are applied in the model. Thepresented model is developed as a mixed-integer linear programming problem, andits efficiency is evaluated on a standard test system containing threemicrogrids. The cost of the MMG system when microgrids form a cooperative gameis compared with the isolated status that microgrids do not transact energywith each other. The results indicate that the cost of the MMG system isdeclined using the proposed cooperative model in comparison with the isolatedmode. Also, the cost of microgrid 1, microgrid 2, and microgrid 3 are improvedby 2.4, 2.7, and 11.8%, respectively. Therefore, all the microgrids have anincentive to participate in the cooperative game, and both the total cost andeach microgrid cost are improved in the cooperative game.

A Cooperative Game Approach for Energy Management of Interconnected Microgrids