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The estimation of resilience and the determination of inequality growth aftera disaster is often difficult. In this study, specific indicators weredeveloped to analyze resilience, and the trajectories of resilience werecompared. Energy production is relevant for describing variations in social andeconomic activities. This indicator was applied to a case study of a naturaldisaster, that is Hurricane Irma in 2017. The hurricane caused fatalities anddestruction in the Caribbean islands of Saint Martin and Saint Barthelemy,which are two French overseas territories. Energy production after HurricaneIrma exhibited a significant decrease due to the destruction of the electricitynetwork as well as perturbations in economic and social activities. The energyproduction restoration rate was higher in Saint Barthelemy than in SaintMartin. The electricity restoration rate after a disaster was almost constant.However, the energy production 18 months after Hurricane Irma was identical tothat before Hurricane Irma in Saint Barthelemy; this was not the case in SaintMartin. During resilience, an increase in the gap between energy production inSaint Barthelemy and Saint Martin was observed. This study indicated that thisgap represents an inequality growth between Saint Barthelemy (gross domesticproduct (GDP) of 40 000 euros/inhabitant) and Saint Martin (GDP of 16 600euros/inhabitant). The indicators emphasized that inequality growth afternatural disasters favors less vulnerable and more resilient territories. Thenumber of inhabitants must be considered during indicator construction to avoidany bias.

Resilience and inequality growth monitoring after disaster using indicators based on energy production