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The detection of physiological activity at the microscopic level is key forunderstanding the function of biosystems and relating this to physicalstructure. Current sensing methods often rely on invasive probes to stimulateand detect activity, bearing the risk of inducing damage in the target system.In recent years, a new type of biosensor based on color centers in diamondoffers the possibility to passively, noninvasively sense and image livingbiological systems. Here, we use such a sensor for the \textit{in-vitro}recording of the local magnetic field generated by tightly focused, highintensity pulsed laser optogenetic neuromuscular stimulation of the extensordigitorum longus muscles. Recordings captured a compound action potentialresponse and a slow signal component which we seek to explain using a detailedmodel of the biological system. We show that our sensor is capable of recordinglocalized neuromuscular activity from the laser stimulation site withoutphotovoltaic or fluorescence artifacts associated with alternative techniques.Our work represents an important step towards selective induction of localizedneurobiological activity while performing passive sensing and imaging withdiamond sensors, motivating further research into mapping of neural activityand intra-cellular processes.

Laser stimulation of muscle activity with simultaneous detection using a diamond colour centre biosensor