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It is very important to locate the short-circuit fault in a power systemquickly and accurately. Electromagnetic time reversal (EMTR) has drawnincreasing attention because of its clear physical background and excellentperformance. This paper studies the EMTR method for locating the short-circuitfault of transmission and distribution lines with or without branches, andintroduces a simulated annealing algorithm to accelerate the calculation of anEMTR fault location. This algorithm is different from the traditionalexhaustive method in that it solves the corresponding optimization problem,thus improving the location speed by up to an order of magnitude. With the helpof graph theory, a method is proposed that automatically splits a complex linetopology with branches into several one-dimensional lines. The problem ofshort-circuit fault location in the branching lines is then transformed intoseveral one-dimensional optimization problems, which are then solved by theoptimization algorithm. This solves the problem of realizing rapid location ina power network with branches. Numerical experiments are carried out in adistribution network model to demonstrate the effectiveness of the method.Results under different conditions show the method works reliably andefficiently.

An Optimization-Accelerated Electromagnetic Time Reversal-based Fault Location Method for Power Lines with Branches