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Temperature evolution of dielectric response, atomic structure, and latticedynamics in thin film of sodium niobate in the epitaxialNaNbO$_3$/SrRuO$_3$/(001)MgO heterostructure is studied by dielectricmeasurements, x-ray diffraction, and Raman spectroscopy. It is found that atroom temperature NaNbO$_3$ is in ferroelectric state, whereas thetemperature-dependent dielectric constant experiences a broad maximum at 440~Kon cooling and at 500~K on heating and reveals a diffuse phase transition.Reciprocal space mapping shows the presence of both anti-phase and in-phasetilting of oxygen octahedra. The temperature dependence of the M-pointreflections suggests reorientation of the in-phase octahedra tilting axis frombeing parallel to the substrate at room temperature to perpendicularorientation at high temperatures. The temperature evolution of the shape of theRaman spectra reveal the decrease of the number of constituting peaks onheating. These results are interpreted as indicating a temperature-driventransition between two different orientations of the bulk ferroelectric Q phasewith respect to the interface, namely between the state with electricpolarization pointing at $\approx45^{\rm o}$ to the normal at room temperatureto the state with polarization parallel to the interface above the transition.Transitions of this kind can be anticipated from theoretical considerations,while the experimental evidences of such are yet scarce.

Phase transition between two different orientations of the Q phase in the NaNbO$_3$ thin film