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Synthetic aperture radar (SAR) is considered being a good option for earthobservation with its unique advantages. In this paper, we proposed an adaptiveship detector using full-polarization SAR images. First, by thoroughlyinvestigating the scattering characteristics between ships and theirbackground, and the wave polarization anisotropy, a novel ship detector isproposed by jointing the two characteristics, named Scattering-Anisotropy joint(joint-SA). Based on the theoretical analysis, we showed that the joint-SA isan effective physical quantity to show the difference between the ship and itsbackground, and thus joint-SA can be used for ship detection offull-polarization image data. Second, the generalized Gamma distribution wasused to characterize the joint-SA statistics of sea clutter with a large rangeof homogeneity. As a result, an adaptive constant false alarm rate (CFAR)method was implemented based on the joint-SA. Finally, RADARSAT-2 and GF-3 datain C-band and ALOS data in L-band are used for verification. We tested on fivedatasets, and the experimental results verify the correctness and superiorityof the constant false alarm rate (CFAR) method based on the joint-SA. Inaddition, the experimental results also showed that the signal-clutter ratio(SCR) of the proposed ship detector joint-SA (33.17 dB, 35.98 dB, 57.25 dB) isbetter than that of DBSP (8.92 dB, 3.43 dB, 25.40 dB) and RsDVH (17.28 dB,11.17 dB, 54.55 dB). More importantly, the proposed detector joint-SA hashigher detection accuracy and a lower false alarm rate.

A Novel Full-Polarization SAR Images Ship Detector Based on the Scattering Mechanisms and the Wave Polarization Anisotropy