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Tunable and ultrasensitive surface plasmon resonance (SPR) sensors are highlydesirable for monitoring stress hormones such as cortisol, a steroid hormoneformed in the adrenal glands in the human body. This paper describes thedetection of cortisol using a bimetallic SPR sensor based on highly anisotropictwo-dimensional material, i.e., phosphorene. Thicknesses of bi-metal layers,such as copper (Cu) and nickel (Ni), is optimized to achieve strong SPRexcitation. The proposed sensor is rotated in-plane with a rotation anglearound the z-axis to obtain phosphorene anisotropic behavior. The performanceparameters of the sensor are demonstrated in terms of higher sensitivity(347.78 degree/RIU), maximum angular figure of merit (1780.3), and finer limitof detection of 0.026 ng/ml. Furthermore, a significant penetration depth (203nm) is achieved for the proposed sensor. The obtained results of the aboveparameters indicate that the proposed sensor outperforms the previouslyreported papers in the literature on cortisol detection using the SPRtechnique.

Tunable and Sensitive Detection of Cortisol using Anisotropic Phosphorene with a Surface Plasmon Resonance Technique: Numerical Investigation