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Entanglement of photons is a fundamental feature of quantum mechanics, whichstands at the core of quantum technologies such as photonic quantum computing,communication, and sensing. An ongoing challenge in all these is finding anefficient and controllable mechanism to entangle photons. Recent experimentaldevelopments in electron microscopy enable to control the quantum interactionbetween free electrons and light. Here, we show that free electrons can createentanglement and bunching of light. Free electrons can control the second-ordercoherence of initially independent photonic states, even in spatially separatedcavities that cannot directly interact. Free electrons thus provide a type ofoptical nonlinearity that acts in a nonlocal manner, offering a new way ofheralding the creation of entanglement. Intriguingly, pre-shaping theelectron's wavefunction provides the knob for tuning the photonic quantumcorrelations. The concept can be generalized to entangle not only photons butalso photonic quasiparticles such as plasmon-polaritons and phonons.

Free Electrons Can Induce Entanglement Between Photons