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High speed trains (HST) have gradually become an essential means oftransportation, where given our digital world, it is expected that passengerswill be connected all the time. More specifically, the on-board passengersrequire fast mobile connections, which cannot be provided by the currentlyimplemented cellular networks. Hence, in this article, we propose an analogueradio over fiber (A-RoF) aided multi-service network architecture forhigh-speed trains, in order to enhance the quality of service as well as reducethe cost of the radio access network (RAN). The proposed design cansimultaneously support sub- 6GHz as well as milimeter wave (mmWave)communications using the same architecture. Explicitly, we design a photonicsaided beamforming technique in order to eliminate the bulky high-speedelectronic phase-shifters and the hostile broadband mmWave mixers whileproviding a low-cost RAN solution. Finally, a beamforming range of 180 isdemonstrated with a high resolution using our proposed system.

Analogue Radio over Fiber aided Multi-service Communications for High Speed Trains