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On November 23, 2021, the Einstein-Besso manuscript on the perihelion motionof Mercury will be auctioned at Christie's. Expected to fetch around $3M, itpromises to be the most expensive scientific manuscript ever sold at auction.In this preprint, we present the parts of our forthcoming book, How EinsteinFound His Field Equations. Sources and Interpretation (Springer, 2021) dealingwith Einstein's attempts, in 1913 and in 1915, to account for the anomalousadvance of Mercury's perihelion. In 1913, as documented in the Einstein-Bessomanuscript, Einstein and his friend Michele Besso found that theEinstein-Grossmann or Entwurf (= outline or draft) theory, a preliminaryversion of general relativity, could only account for 18 of the 43seconds-of-arc-per-century discrepancy between Newtonian theory andobservation. In November 1915, however, putting the techniques developed in hiscollaboration with Besso to good use, Einstein showed that his new generaltheory of relativity could account for all missing 43 seconds of arc. After abrief introduction, we provide an annotated transcription of the key pages ofthe Einstein-Besso manuscript and an annotated new translation of the November1915 perihelion paper.

Einstein and the Perihelion Motion of Mercury