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In practical continuous-variable quantum key distribution system using locallocal oscillator (LLO CV-QKD), the phase noise related to coherent detectionand phase-reference pulse intensity that can be locally calibrated at thereceiver side is considered to be trusted noise to improve the performance.However, if the intensity of the phase-reference pulse is not monitoredprecisely in real-time, a security loophole will be opened for the eavesdropperto launch attacks. To this end, we propose two practical phase-reference pulseintensity attack strategies, where Eve can reduce the trusted phase noise bymanipulating the intensity of the phase-reference pulse, thereby hiding herattack on the signal pulse if the total excess noise remains unchanged. Theperformance of the LLO CV-QKD system under these attacks has been analyzed. Weshow that precisely monitoring the intensity of the phase-reference pulse inreal-time is an essential countermeasure to prevent the proposed attacks.Moreover, an intensity-monitoring scheme for the phase-reference pulse isproposed to strengthen the security of the practical LLO CV-QKD system and makethe trusted phase noise model more robust.

Phase-reference intensity attack on continuous-variable quantum key distribution with a real local oscillator